https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7607 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:15:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20447 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:59:30 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15188 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:51:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16769 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:29:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38927  5 years post-diagnosis). Analysis was undertaken for the 6-month supervised exercise portion of the intervention, which involved 100 men aged between 62 and 85 years, 50 in each arm. The primary outcome was cost per quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Results: A 6-month supervised exercise intervention for PCa survivors resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of AU$64,235 (2018 AUD) at an incremental cost of AU$546 per person and a QALY gain of 0.0085. At a willingness-to-pay of AU$50,000, the probability that the intervention is cost-effective was 41%. Sensitivity analysis showed that maintenance of benefits via a 6-month home-based intervention, immediately following the supervised intervention, lowered the cost per QALY gained to AU$32,051. Discussion: This is the first cost-effectiveness analysis of exercise for PCa survivors. The intervention was effective, but unlikely to be cost-effective at the generally accepted willingness-to-pay of AU$50,000 per QALY. It is likely that evidence to support cost savings from post-intervention outcomes would reveal greater benefits and contribute to a more comprehensive cost-effectiveness analysis. Future RCTs should incorporate longer follow-up durations and collection of data to support modelling to capture future health benefits. Measures of quality of life or utility more sensitive to the impact of physical activity would also improve future economic evaluations.]]> Tue 08 Mar 2022 11:43:17 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44701 Thu 20 Oct 2022 15:58:29 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12309 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:11:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17463 5 yr postdiagnosis on physical functioning.Design, setting, and participants. Between 2010 and 2011, 100 long-term PCa survivors from Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group 03.04 Randomised Androgen Deprivation and Radiotherapy previously treated with androgen-deprivation therapy and radiation therapy were randomly assigned to 6 mo of supervised exercise followed by 6 mo of a home-based maintenance programme (n = 50) or printed educational material about physical activity (n = 50) for 12 mo across 13 university-affiliated exercise clinics in Australia and New Zealand. Intervention: Supervised resistance and aerobic exercise or printed educational material about physical activity. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The primary end point was a 400-m walk as a measure of cardiovascular fitness. Secondary end points were physical function, patient-reported outcomes, muscle strength, body composition, and biomarkers. Analysis of covariance was used to compare outcomes for groups at 6 and 12 mo adjusted for baseline values. Results and limitations: Participants undergoing supervised exercise showed improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness performance at 6 mo (−19 s [p = 0.029]) and 12 mo (−13 s [p = 0.028]) and better lower-body physical function across the 12-mo period (p < 0.01). Supervised exercise also improved self-reported physical functioning at 6 (p = .006) and 12 mo (p = 0.002), appendicular skeletal muscle at 6 mo (p = 0.019), and objective measures of muscle strength at 6 and 12 mo (p < 0.050). Limitations included the restricted number of participants undertaking body composition assessment, no blinding to group assignment for physical functioning measures, and inclusion of well-functioning individuals. Conclusions: Supervised exercise training in long-term PCa survivors is more effective than physical activity educational material for increasing cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, muscle strength, and self-reported physical functioning at 6 mo. Importantly, these benefits were maintained in the long term with a home-based programme with follow-up at 12 mo. Clinical trial registry: The effect of an exercise intervention on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in prostate cancer patients from the RADAR study, ACTRN: ACTRN12609000729224.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:04:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19646 p < 0.001) trials compared to 120 and 180 min following ingestion for the 6 and 9 mg kg⁻¹ fed trials, respectively (p < 0.001). Peak concentration was greater in the 9 mg kg⁻¹ fasted trial than the corresponding fed condition (70 ± 9 μmol L⁻¹ and 56 ± 6 μmol L⁻¹, respectively) and both were greater than the 6 mg kg⁻¹ conditions (44 ± 8 μmol L⁻¹ and 38 ± 8 μmol L⁻¹ for 6 mg kg⁻¹ fasted and fed, respectively). Area under the caffeine curve was significantly greater (p < 0.001) in the 9 mg kg⁻¹ fasted trial (3262 μmol L⁻¹ h⁻¹), whilst areas were lowest in the 6 mg kg⁻¹ fed trial (1644 μmol L⁻¹ h⁻¹). Conclusions: A high carbohydrate meal consumed prior to caffeine ingestion significantly reduced serum caffeine concentrations and delayed time to peak concentration. Differences in research findings between caffeine supplementation studies may, at least in part, be related to variations in postprandial timing of caffeine intake. The influence of postprandial timing should be considered when athletes consume caffeine with the aim of enhancing performance.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:01:09 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19647 2max = 64.8 ± 4.5 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹; mean ± SD) undertook four cycling time trials (TT), each requiring the completion of a set amount of work (7 kJ·kg⁻¹ BM) in the shortest possible time. Participants were randomized into a fed or nonfed condition and orally ingested 2.8 mg·kg⁻¹ BM of PSE or a placebo (PLA) 90 min before exercise; in the fed trials, they consumed a meal providing 1.5 g·kg⁻¹ BM of CHO. Venous blood was sampled at 30, 50, and 70 min and pre–warm-up and postexercise for the analysis of plasma PSE and catecholamine concentrations, and urine was also collected for the analysis of PSE concentration. Results: Independent of the preexercise meal, 2.8 mg·kg⁻¹ BM of PSE did not significantly improve cycling TT performance. The fed trials resulted in lower plasma PSE concentrations at all time points compared with the nonfed trials. Both plasma epinephrine and blood lactate concentrations were higher in the PSE compared with the PLA trials, and preexercise and postexercise urinary PSE concentrations were significantly higher than the threshold (150 µg·mL⁻¹) used by WADA to determine illicit PSE use. Conclusion: Irrespective of the preexercise meal, cycling TT performance of approximately 30 min was not improved after PSE supplementation. Furthermore, 2.8 mg·kg⁻¹ BM of PSE taken 90 min before exercise, with or without food, resulted in urinary PSE concentrations exceeding the present WADA threshold.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:01:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20738 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:00:27 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20479 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:59:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17874 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:56:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21252 3 months (chronic). Results: Of these men, 85% were able to meet the criteria for the attainment of V·O_2max, whereas three positive tests (3.2%) were observed. The three participants who recorded a positive stress test underwent further medical examination and were subsequently cleared of clinically significant cardiovascular disease. Apart from the relatively low V·O_2max (24.7 ± 6.0 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹, 10th–15th percentile), compared with normative data in healthy age-matched controls, the cardiovascular response to exercise was similar in this cancer population. Moreover, treatment duration did not seem to influence cardiovascular responses to exercise. This early evidence suggests that risk of adverse events during maximal exercise testing is relatively low in this population and certainly no higher than that in ages-matched, apparently healthy individuals. Conclusions: Maximal exercise testing was demonstrated to be feasible and safe, providing a direct assessment of V·O_2max. The relatively low number of positive tests in this study suggests that the risk of adverse events is relatively low in this population and certainly no higher than that in age-matched, apparently healthy individuals.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:54:34 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19160 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:20 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19161 2.3mgkg⁻¹ > placebo; p<0.001). Conclusions: There was large individual variation in plasma pseudoephedrine concentration between subjects following pseudoephedrine administration. A number of factors clearly influence the uptake and appearance of pseudoephedrine in the blood and these are not yet fully understood. Combined with subsequent differences in plasma pseudoephedrine between individuals, this may partially explain the present findings and also the inconsistencies in performance following pseudoephedrine administration in previous studies.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:20 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18526 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:50:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29565 N = 22). Pre-season musculoskeletal screening (incorporating mobility, stability and neural tests) and seasonal injury data were analysed for predictive relationships, and associations between potential predictor variables and injury status. Results: Injuries requiring medical attention occurred at a rate of 3.6 injuries/athlete, while injuries resulting in disability occurred at a rate of 0.6 injuries/athlete, with the lumbar spine the main site of injury (23% and 33%, respectively). Wrist and hand injury resulted in the highest number of days of disability (110 days), followed by injury to the lumbar spine (87 days). Across the season 75% of injuries to the lumbar spine occurred in the latter half of the season. The only screening measure predictive of injured/uninjured status was better left-sided single-leg decline-squat performance (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.09-0.88; p = 0.03), while increasing age was significantly (p = 0.03) associated with thoracic (OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.03-2.12) and lumbar spine (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.04-2.04) injury. Conclusions: Though clinically useful, current screening protocols do not adequately assess the risk of seasonal injury in elite Olympic class sailors, and should be revised. Due to the increased risk of spinal injury and potential lost/modified participation in older Olympic class sailors, injury prevention activities should be individualised and age appropriate.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:37:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28140 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:36:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28842 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28682 n = 10), PT (n = 8) and control (n = 9). OGT and OGA mRNA levels were measured from muscle samples obtained at baseline and after one year. Knee extensor muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), knee extension force, running speed and vertical jumping height were measured. During the yearlong intervention, HRT suppressed the aging-associated upregulation of OGT mRNA that occurred in the controls. The effects of PT were similar but weaker. HRT also tended to increase the OGA mRNA level compared to the controls. The change in the ratio of OGT to OGA gene expressions correlated negatively with the change in muscle CSA. Our results suggest that OGT and OGA gene expressions are associated with muscle size during the critical postmenopausal period. HRT and PT influence muscle OGT and OGA gene expression, which may be one of the mechanisms by which HRT and PT prevent aging-related loss of muscle mass.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:30:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26742 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42994 Fri 09 Sep 2022 14:03:28 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34907 interaction = -1.3 s, 95% confidence interval [CI] -2.6 to 0.0), whole-body lean mass (ß_interaction = 1194 g, 95% CI 234 to 2153) and ASM mass (ß_interaction = 562 g, 95% CI 49 to 1075), and approached significance for fat mass (ß_interaction = -1107 g, 95% CI -2346 to 132), with greater benefits for men previously on long-term ADT. At 6 months, the intervention effects on chair rise time -1.5 s (95% CI -2.5 to -0.5), whole-body lean mass 824 g (95% CI 8 to 1640), ASM mass 709 g (95% CI 260 to 1158), and fat mass -1377 g (95% CI -2156 to -598) were significant for men previously on long-term ADT, but not for men on short-term ADT. At 12 months, the intervention effects for men on long-term ADT remained significant for the chair rise, with improved performance (-2.0 s, 95% CI -3.0 to -1.0) and increased ASM (537 g, 95% CI 153 to 921). Time on ADT did not moderate the exercise effects on muscle strength, nor did time since ADT cessation moderate any intervention effects. Similarly, testosterone and baseline values of the outcome had negligible moderator effects. Conclusions: Men with PCa previously treated long-term with ADT respond more favourably to exercise in terms of lower body muscle performance and body composition (lean and fat mass, and ASM) than those with short-term ADT exposure. As a result, men who were formerly on long-term androgen suppression regimens should be especially prescribed exercise medicine interventions to alleviate residual treatment-related adverse effects.]]> Fri 01 Apr 2022 09:25:19 AEDT ]]>